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The Power of the Powerless
''The Power of the Powerless'' ((チェコ語:Moc bezmocných)) is an expansive political essay written in October 1978 by the Czech dramatist, political dissident and later politician, Václav Havel. The essay dissects the nature of the communist regime of the time, life within such a regime and how by their very nature such regimes can create dissidents of ordinary citizens. The essay goes on to discuss ideas and possible actions by loose communities of individuals linked by a common cause, such as Charter 77. Officially suppressed, the essay was circulated in samizdat form and translated into multiple languages. It became a manifesto for dissent in Czechoslovakia, Poland and other communist regimes.
==Background==
Under the communist regime in Czechoslovakia, there was an omnipresent pressure exerted by the political apparatus on culture. Various methods were utilized to pressure citizens into compliance. Havel's philosophical mentor, Jan Patočka, who was also the co-spokesman of the human rights petition, Charter 77, died of a stroke in March 1977, after an eleven hour interrogation by the Czechoslovak secret police regarding his involvement in the Charter.
After the launch of Charter 77, which coincided with the release of ''The Power of the Powerless'', Havel was put under continuous pressure by the secret police. He was under constant government surveillance and they interrogated him almost daily. When he didn't cave, Havel was imprisoned.〔Keane; p. 254.〕 He was arrested in May 1979 and remained imprisoned until February 1983.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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